壹 跌跌不休
港股恒生指数年初至今下跌13%,恒生国企指数下跌21.8%,而科技指数则下跌了27.6%。从2月中旬的高点算,恒生指数、国企指数和科技指数分别下跌24.7%、32.6%和45.2%,意味着港股主要指数已跌入技术性熊市。
贰 美元走强
近期,港股对美元汇率持续走弱,最新汇率为7.7957港币兑一美元,为2019年12月以来的最低水平。港币走弱反应投资人对香港股市的热情衰减。2020年4月到2020年10月,港币对美元持续在强方兑换保证水平7.75,因当时很多中概股回香港市场上市,国内外投资人纷纷涌入香港市场申购这些股票。而港股今年疲弱的一个主要原因就是美元汇率的走强。美元指数从5月底的89.6685最低点反弹到11月25日的最高点96.8430,反弹幅度为8%。
叁 国际投资人对港股定价能力较强
我们分析了美元涨跌与港股表现的关系,发现美元走强,则港股相对A股表现弱;反之亦然。其背后的原因就是港股是欧美机构投资者主导的市场。在香港投资者结构中,欧美的机构投资者仍然占交易的主导地位,占比在40%以上。南下资金占交易额比重已从港股通开通之前的不到10%提高到30%左右,但是南下资金中个人投资者占比较高,因此,对市场的影响力较弱。当美元走强,意味着欧美经济表现强于中国,这些投资人就会撤出港股配置欧美市场;而美元走弱,通常意味着中国的经济表现好于欧美市场,欧美机构投资者又把资金重新配置到港股。
肆 盈利面临挑战
另一方面,投资者预期港股明年的盈利表现不会好,因为科技企业的盈利增速面临挑战,而传统行业则受到房地产的拖累。但在当前水平下,港股的估值已经处在历史低位,只要有催化剂,港股就会有上涨的动力。我们认为未来可能的催化剂为中国宽松的货币或者财政政策。另外,就是如果美国经济走弱,则美元指数也会面临回调的压力,资金将会重回包括香港在内的新兴市场。
伍 股市回调
中国11月份的制造业采购经理人指数PMI在荣枯线上。但国家卫健委指出将会加大外防输入的力度,市场担忧这将会对中国经济造成进一步的下行压力。A股微涨,港股下跌。Moderna行政总裁指现有疫苗或不足以应对奥米克戎,药厂需数月才能大规模生产出疫苗。美联储主席称将加快减少债券购买进程,美股和油价大跌。
I. The HK stocks crashed
Hang Seng Index, Hang Seng China Enterprise Index, Hang Seng Tech Index fell 13%, 21.8% and 27.6% respectively. They fell 24.7%, 32.6% and 45.2% respectively from mid-February high, signaling that HK market has fallen to the bear market.
II. The US dollar went strong
One reason that HK stocks fell is that the US dollar has been going strong. The US dollar index touched low point in late May at 89.6685 and rose from then on. It reached 96.8430 on November 25th, the highest point from May and rose 8% in total. We have analyzed HK market and found out that when the US dollar goes strong HK market performs worse than A-share and vice versa.
III. Institutional investors are leaving HK market
One reason is that the US and European institutional investors are the mainstream of HK market. By 2019 the US and European institutional investors contributed more than 40% of the trading value in HK market. While Chinese investors also contributed more than 30% of the trading value of HK market most of them were individual investors.When the US dollar goes strong the US and European investors would take money out of HK market and put it in the US and European markets.
IV. Earnings could slow down
Another reason is that listed companies’ earnings growth slowed down in 3Q2021.For 2022 tech companies’ earnings growth could slow down further. Traditional sectors’ earnings might be dragged down by property sector. While the prospects are not rosy valuation of HK market has reached historical lows. It could rebound once there is a catalyst. We deem that any positive news from policies could lift the market to a higher level.
V. Stocks fell across the board
A-share rose slightly and HK stocks slipped. While November manufacturing Purchasing Managers’ Index was above the threshold 50, the National Health Commission said that China would double down on measures to prevent imported cases. The US stocks and oil crashed as the Federal Reserve would hasten tapering amidst the new variant Omicron. Moreover, Moderna CEO said that it would take months for vaccine producers to develop and produces vaccines targeted Omicron. This also dampened market sentiment. 10-year treasury yield fell to 1.43%, the lowest from late September.
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